Humanisms / Posthumanisms. Philosophical searches for unsheltered times

Abstract

We propose a reflection on challenges that Philosophical Anthropology faces in the 21st century, when the classic question about man seems to have become obsolete. We are particularly interested in the Latin American experience. We consider that there are gaps in theoretical practice, places that were ignored or insufficiently explored. Such gaps persist in the humanism/anti-humanism/posthumanism/transhumanism debates that proliferate in philosophies from the postwar period to the present. In times of inclement weather, we look for clues that allow us to access certain questions: What is the posthuman? What are the intellectual and historical itineraries that lead to the posthuman? What new forms of subjectivity does it enable? What forms of inhumanism does it produce? How is it possible to resist them? What is the function of theory / philosophy / in times of inclement weather? We propose to reconsider two categories that are part of critical views of modernity: “inorganic body”, which arises from the analysis of the alienation of Marx's work, and “natural man” used by José Martí in the essay Nuestra América. We hint at the potential fruitfulness of an exploration of the human relationship with nature in pre-Hispanic traditions.